Cyberbullying Bullying And The Digital Age - 1672 Words

Years ago bullying was generally thought of as an occurrence that took place in person, on the schoolyard, between people who have a â€Å"peer-to-peer† relationship. (Whittaker, Kowalski, 2015) We’re all familiar with what bullying looks like in a traditional sense. Larger kids, picking on the weaker, usually do to something that makes the victim stand out as different. In Kowalski, Limber, and Agatston’s book, â€Å"Cyberbullying : Bullying in the Digital Age† they introduced some real life examples: Jack was small and somewhat immature for his age. For the past 2 years (since 2nd grade), Jack had been the target of jokes about his size. Most of the boys in his class called him â€Å"shrimp.† He usually tried to laugh off the name-calling, but lately†¦show more content†¦Cyberbullying is one of those negatives. Because of the internet and social media, we now have the tools to anonymously harass and bully others from anywhere in the world, without face-to-face confrontation. (Kowalski, Limber, Susan, Agatston, 2012) I found many definitions for bullying throughout several academic sources. However, after looking at a few sources I found some of the most common characteristics of bullying. I found that bullying is: Unprovoked, Intentional, aggressive, repetitive, involves a desire for power, and physical, verbal, or visual harassment. For the sake of this paper I will be defining Bullying as the unprovoked and repetitive act of intentional and aggressive behaviour that typically involves an imbalance of power, social status, or authority. (Kowalski, Limber, Susan, Agatston, 2012) (Reisdorph, 2015) (Patchin, 2016) We will also assume that this traditional form of bullying strictly involved face to face interactions. Now how can we define cyberbullying? With the anonymity that can be offered by social media and instant messaging, there is no longer a clear imbalance of power that goes along with traditional bullying. Anyone can bully and harass another person online, while remaining anonymous. It a lso has no face-to-face contact, or physical harassment. This means cyberbullying doesn’t fit in with our definition of traditional bullying, so how do we define it? The Cyberbullying Research CentreShow MoreRelatedCyberbullying : Bullying And Bullying Prevention Programs Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesAgatson, Kowalski, Limber (2012) originally wrote Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age after working together on various bullying prevention programs and collaborating on research pertaining to cyberbullying. The authors goal is to educate parents, teachers, and the community about the growing cyberbullying problem among children and adolescents. An additional goal of the authors is to empower adults, amongst our youth, to prevent bullying. Many adults, whether in the community or in the schoolRead MoreCyberbullying And Its Effect On Children Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pagesand discuss one concern for users of the internet, which is cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is carri ed out through cell phones, computers, e-mails and any other electronic devices or social media sites. Cyberbullying has the potential to be devastating to children, adolescents and adults as it is being cruel to others by sending or posting harmful material or engaging in other forms of social aggression using the internet or other digital technologies (Morgan, 2013). Firstly, this essay will look atRead MoreCyber Bullying : A Vital Concern Of Many Families And Schools Across The World1331 Words   |  6 Pages Cyber Bullying In today’s digital age, cyberbullying has become such a vital concern of many families and schools across the world. With its increasing saliency certain states in the United States have developed laws against it and school districts are enforcing polices to combat it. Although similar in concept, cyberbullying and bullying are different. Bullying, which is also a major problem, consistent of physical and verbal abuse. Cyberbullying has a greater psychologicalRead MoreTraditional Bullying and Cyberbullying1260 Words   |  6 Pagesactions of bullying to hurt others they felt as a threat or to be in the â€Å"in crowd† of popularity. Traditional bullying was physical and thus confined to face-to-face contexts. However, with the development of widespread social interaction via social media websites, email, and text-messaging, teens have additional avenues of expression and, as a result, other means of bullying. Over time the bullying taking place using digital means has come to be known as cyberbullying. Cyberbullying has broughtRead MoreCyberbullying: An Actual Threat1534 Words   |  6 Pagesmost individuals, Cyber Bullying is real and it can have devastating effects on an individual. The Digital Age brings on new and intriguing problems and this particular issue is one of them. It is thus essential for society as a whole to be provided with complex education regarding the matter and with the opportunity to become acquainted with the risks that it poses. While traditional bullying has a simple solution, conditions are more difficult when considering bullying performed by using modernRead MoreCyberbullying And Its Effects On Society Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesCyberbullying is a prevalent issue in our society due to the rise of technology. Teenagers and children are more connected to the internet than ever before and are in danger of cyber bullying. People can be bullied for a multitude of reasons, the number seeming to grow every year. Some children are cyberbullied because of their physical appearance, sexual orientation, for sexting, for their mental disabilities or for simply existing. This form of bullying is so dangerous because it is very difficultRead MoreIs Cyberbullying as Pervasive and as Dangerous as Physical Bullying?1028 Words   |  5 Pagesexperiences are types of cyberbullying. Lots of people have such cyberbullying experiences because it occurs more frequently than before. More specifically, cyberbullying is the use of the Internet, cell phones, or other electronic communication devices to spread harmful or embarrassing information in the form of text, photos or videos about another person. Cyberbullying is worse than physical bullying because of its serious consequences, and the person who suffers the cyberbullying would be hurt mentallyRead MoreCyberbullying and the Effect of the Adolescence Social Behavior671 Words   |  3 PagesCyber Bullying and The Effect of The Adolescence Social Behavior Cyber bullying has been a fast-growing problem. It affects many children, but I would primarily be focusing on how it affects middle adolescence social behaviors. Cyber Bullying occurs in the digital realm and affects the adolescence at astonishing rates. It is considered a new branch of bullying. Though cyber bullying you cannot physically hurt someone, merely you can hurt the adolescence feelings and emotions, which in turn breaksRead MoreIs Cyberbullying Becoming An Added Struggle Of Mental Health Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagescomputers together around the world to share information more effectively. However, there are discussions relating to cyberbullying becoming an added struggle of mental health which burden the New Zealand Youth (Bilby, 2016). To endeavour to cover the cyberbullying topic this essay will introduce the development of the internet and Facebook. Secondly, it will outline the concern of cyberbullying, the roles of a victim and perpetrator. Furthermore, indicati ng the beginning and long term effects and consequencesRead MoreCyberbullying s Hold On Today s Society1384 Words   |  6 Pagessocial media is where the most harassment and abuse can be found. A study conducted by The Cyberbullying Research Center shows that out of 15,000 teenagers across 80 secondary schools, 24% have been cyberbullied. That may not seem like much, but it is a staggering 3,600 teenagers, and that is only what the survey covered - it does not account for the whole teenage population. Another big problem with cyber bullying is not that it is happening, it is that many kids do not think that the adults that may

Counseling And Psychotherapy Essay Example For Students

Counseling And Psychotherapy Essay Counseling v. psychotherapy is there a difference between the two? This paper will attempt to prove that there are several differences between counseling and psychotherapy. While Counseling And Psychotherapy Essay have several different elements in each, the following information will also attempt to show the reader that there are some areas where the two overlap. At times this was a confusing topic to research. A fine line distinguishes the two topics and one must look hard to see this line. Definition of Counseling One survey taken by Gustad suggests a definition of counseling where he included three key elements. Counseling is a learning-oriented process, carried on in a simple, one to one social environment, in which a counselor, professionally competent in relevant psychological skills and knowledge, seeks to assist the client by methods appropriate to the latters needs and within the context of the total personnel program, to learn more about himself, to learn how to put such understanding into effect in relation to more clearly perceived, realistically defined goals to the end that the client may become a happier and more productive member of his society (1957, p. 36). In lay terms counseling can be described as a face to face relationship, having goals to help a client to learn or acquire new skills which will enable them to cope and adjust to life situations. The focus is to help a person reach maximum fulfillment or potential, and to become fully functioning as a person. Definition of Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is the process inwhich a therapists assists the client in re-organizing his or her personality. The therapist also helps the client integrate insights into everyday behavior. Psychotherapy can be defined as ;more inclusive re-education of the individual; (Brammer; Shostrom,1977). Objectives of counseling The objectives of counseling according to the Committee on Definition, Division of Counseling Psychology, American Psychological Association are to ;help individuals toward overcoming obstacles to their personal growth, wherever these may be encountered, and toward achieving optimum development of their personal resources; (Arbuckle, 1967). In a paper written by Dr. T. Millard, it is stated that ;Counseling provides clarity and a positive and constructive venue for the individual to sensibly examine the instinctive-emotional and rational (or irrational) motives which determine the drive, content, and even the form of human conduct. ; This shows the part which counseling plays in a clients treatment. Objectives of psychotherapy According to Everett Shostrom (1967) , the goal of psychotherapy is ; to become an actualizer, a person who appreciates himself and others as persons rather than things and who has turned his self defeating manipulations into self fulfilling potentials (p. 9). Shostrom also feels that awareness is the goal of psychotherapy, ;The reason is that change occurs with awareness!; (1967 p. 103). Shostrom feels that awareness is a form of non-striving achieved by being what you are at the moment,l even if what you are means the phony manipulative role that we all play sometimes for external support (1967 p. 103). Professional opinions Not all therapists feel that there is a distinction between counseling and psychotherapy. C.H. Patterson feels that it is impossible to make a distinction, He feels that the definition of counseling equally applies as well to psychotherapy and vice a versa. Donald Arbuckle (1967) argues that counseling and psychotherapy are identical in all essential aspects. Others believe that there is a distinction. Psychotherapy is concerned with some type of personality change where counseling is concerned with helping individuals utilize full coping potential. IN Donald Arbuckles work he included Leona Tylers thoughts on the differences between counseling and psychotherapy. Leona Tyler attempts to differ between counseling and psychotherapy by stating, ;to remove physical and mental handicaps or to rid of limitations is not the job of the counselor, this is the job of the therapist which is aimed essentially at change rather than fulfillment (Arbuckle 1967). Differences between counseling and psychotherapy One of the major distinctions between counseling and psychotherapy is the focus. In counseling, the counselor will focus on the ;here and now;, reality situations. Democracy Essay During psychotherapy, the therapist is looking into the unconscious or past. A psychotherapist is looking for a connection of past to undealt with problems which are now present in the real world. Donald Arbuckle states, ;There is a further distinction to be made. This involves the nature or content of the problem which the client brings to the counselor. A distinction is attempted between reality-oriented problems and those problems which inhere in the personality of the individual; (1967, p.145). Counseling and psychotherapy also differentiate when it comes to the .

Mktg Plan for Jollibee free essay sample

Jollibee’s growth is due to its delicious menu line-up – like its superior-tasting Chickenjoy, mouth-watering Yumburger and Champ hamburger, and deliciously satisfying Jollibee Spaghetti -ably complemented with creative marketing programs, and efficient manufacturing and logistics facilities. It is made possible by well-trained teams that work in a culture of integrity and humility, fun and family-like. Every Jollibee outlet welcomes customers with a clean and warm in-store environment and friendly and efficient service. And it is this tried and tested formula of delivering great-tasting food, adherence to world class operating standards and the universal appeal of the family values the brand represents that are driving the expansion of Jollibee both locally and in the overseas market. BUSINESS TREND ANALYSIS Fast food or quick service restaurants have come a long way since 1921 when White Castle, the first fast food hamburger chain, sold burgers at five cents apiece and ended its first day with a US. We will write a custom essay sample on Mktg Plan for Jollibee or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 75 profit. Arguably, AW was the first fast food restaurant having sold the first frosty mug of AW root beer for one nickel in 1919. In the Philippines, Tropical Hut Hamburger is reputedly the first hamburger chain dating back to 1965. The trend of eating out spending and fast food expansion as a vehicle to growth will continue as long as there is fierce competition in the workplace. The drive towards competitiveness with longer working hours and no time for home cooking coupled with the peoples continuing desire for new fast food concepts will allow innovative and progressive food chains to prosper. A downside to this is the changing eating habits, which some researches suggest has led to an unhealthy lifestyle. However, fast foods have been made aware of this situation and are starting to offer healthier options. The fast food industry is not without its challenges, especially in the United States. From rising food costs, economic recession and changing perceptions about health, many fast food franchises have been feeling some heat. But rather than flee from this challenge, the fast food industry has been adopting new practices and offering new products. Modern society is on the go, and there is plenty of demand for a quick bite at all times of the day. Fast food franchising opportunities exist in the â€Å"traditional† spaces like burgers and pizza, but are also sprouting up in healthy and unique ways as well. The fast food industry, also known as Quick Service Restaurants (QSR), has been serving up tasty morsels for as long as people have lived in cities. The modern system of fast food franchising is believed to have started in the mid 1930’s when Howard Johnson franchised his second location to a friend as a means to expand operations during the Great Depression. And oh how it has grown! As cars became commonplace, the drive-thru concept brought explosive growth to the idea of food-on-the go. â€Å"Fast Food† was added to the Merrion-Webster dictionary in 1951 and U. S. fast food companies are now franchised in over 100 countries. In the U. S. alone there are over 200,000 restaurant locations! Revenue has grown from $6 billion in 1970 to $160 billion last year, an 8. 6% annualized rate. Fast food franchises focus on high volume, low cost and high speed product.

Complete Guide How to Write a Tourism Essay

Complete Guide How to Write a Tourism Essay Writing an in-depth essay in the field of tourism is not an easy task as it may seem to be. Many students may think, â€Å"I like traveling and I have something to say in my tourism essay†. Indeed, essay writing on tourism demands extensive research into the field of study and a comprehensive analysis of reliable information sources. Generally, students are required to write this type of essay in several directions as tourism affects the social and economic of the world and countries or cities in particular greatly. So you can discover the tourism industry from the perspective of economics, politics, international relations, service management, geography, marketing, etc. Therefore, you should have a clear understanding of what can be described in your tourism essay. You cannot merely choose any topic on Tourism and write about it. You have to find a relevant tourism issue and discuss it by presenting the well-developed arguments and, sometimes, counter arguments. It should be mentioned that to write a comprehensive essay, you have to conduct detailed research and find reliable sources with the aim of supporting the arguments. Consequently, it is evident that the processes of finding sources and topic are likely to take much time. As a consequence, you have to read this tourism essay writing guide beforehand to comprehend the main principles of fast and successful writing an essay on tourism. What Should I Know about My Tourism Essay? A tourism essay is a short paper that is based on the knowledge that is received while investigating the selected topic. This type of essay describes different tourist aspects in the world or within the country particularly. What is more, the most common topic for the essay on tourism is to compare the countries’ touristic development. Therefore, a student has to explore and contrast the tourism industry of two or more areas. As a result, one may come to the conclusion that the central aim of this essay is to research various aspects of the tourism sector in different countries, states, or even cities. Besides the comparison and contrast essay on tourism, you can write the following types of essay: The descriptive essay on tourism is aimed at communicating a deeper meaning of the tourism sector at the descriptive approach. In a descriptive tourism essay, you should show an issue, not tell about it, using colorful elements of the description and vivid details. The best descriptive essays appeal to the reader’s emotions rather than to broaden their knowledge of the tourism business. The expository essay on tourism informs the reader about a possible tourism issue based on a balanced analysis of a topic. This analysis should include the relevant facts, statistics, and examples. The given type of writing involves a wide range of essays. For example, persuasive or cause and effect essays are based on facts, not personal feelings. Generally, tourism essays similar to the other essay types, have a certain structure that you should follow to make it easy to follow. As a rule, it consists of 3 parts: Introduction Body Conclusion Both the introduction and conclusion should be 1-paragraph long compared to the main part that has at least 3 paragraphs. Furthermore, the number of paragraphs should coincide with the number of the main points. But before considering, â€Å"How many points will my essay have?†, choose the topic for which some valuable points can be easily found. How to Choose a Topic to Have Something Valuable to Say About Tourism The tourism essay can be written on various topics from different angles, either from the economical, political, geographical, cultural or social perspectives. The following tips help students to choose the most appropriate topic for an essay. We’re sure they will help you as well. Just follow them. Consider the aspect of tourism that interests you most. For instance, if you choose a vapid topic, you will not have enough inspiration to write an essay quickly. Focus on the selected aspect of tourism and search for relevant issues or events. If you choose an obsolete issue, you might not be able to find any relevant sources to support your arguments and counterarguments. Omit too narrow or too broad topics. Some too narrow topics don’t allow to discuss a subject from different perspectives, and consequently, create a detailed essay. For some too broad topics, it may be difficult to decide what information is the most important one for your essay. If there is a broad topic you want to write on, try out some strategies to narrow your topic. It goes without saying that the most important element of the best tourism essay writing is a topic choice. It should be the right choice for a good essay topic on tourism. Look at what essay questions are offered by IELTS. Then, consider the list of possible essay topics on tourism below: Top Countries of the Highest Popularity Rating On Tourism: What Attract Visitors? The Effect of Tourism Business on the Country’s Economic Status X Factors Impeding the Development of the Country’s Tourism Sector Tourism as the Main Source of Income: Is It Possible or Impossible? The Influence of Tourism Business on the Everyday Life of Local Citizens The Well-Developed Tourism Sector: How Does It Look? How to Start Writing a Tourism Essay: 3 Simple Steps from Our Expert Academic Writers Having chosen the topic for your tourism essay, you should go through the prewriting process to understand what you want to describe and analyze. That is why you should concentrate on your topic to make the logical flow of essay ideas. The following list provides some prewriting strategies that will help you to focus on the topic and arrange your thoughts properly to start writing your essay. 1. Brainstorming Is a Fast Way to Get Some Essential Essay Ideas The central idea of this strategy is to think about your topic and write down all of the ideas that come to your mind. You can utilize bullet points as the fastest way to outline your thoughts. As a result, you will receive a list of ideas that can be applied to your tourism essay. 2. Freewriting Is an Effective Way to Write Down Some Essay Ideas This strategy remains a similar way of the briefing as the previous one, but freewriting requires you to write the entire text non-stop. Once you chose a topic, you have to write down everything that comes to your mind. Consequently, when you finish writing, you will receive the first draft of your essay. Freewriting is supposed to be a difficult strategy to apply, but it is much more effective than brainstorming. It provides you with the logically complete ideas and, sometimes, arguments and counterarguments. 3. Outlining Is a Helpful Way to Organize the Main Ideas Logically This type of the prewriting strategy is helpful to organize the main ideas in a logical way. That is why you should have a good sense of your topic, arguments, and thoughts. To apply this strategy, you should divide your essay into certain parts, such as introduction, main body paragraphs, and conclusion. Then, the parts mentioned earlier should be subdivided into several sections, such as a topic sentence, evidence, and conclusion sentence. When all of the sections are completed, you can start writing the essay by connecting them together. It should be mentioned that all these prewriting strategies can be applied with with each other. Just start doing anything effective to get closer to the success in academic writing. How to Structure a Tourism Essay to Make It Easy to Follow 1. Title Without a title page, it would be difficult to guess who wrote such a wonderful essay on tourism and what topic was investigated. So it should demonstrate the topic of your essay through the capitalized title. Then, include your name and instructor’s name. Keep in mind that you should stick to the correct formatting of this page. 2. Introduction The introduction should have certain elements an opening statement and thesis statement. The first sentence is crucial since it should attract the reader’s attention. At the end of the introductory paragraph, you have to create a thesis statement that will be further expanded in your essay. Remember you cannot utilize any in-text citation in this paragraph since you just introduce the topic of your essay to the reader from your point of view. 3. Main Part This part of the essay may consist of more than three paragraphs since it depends on the number of pages that are required. As the body of the essay usually contains more than one paragraph, they should be connected by particular linking words, such as ‘moreover’, ‘nonetheless’, ‘furthermore’, ‘what is more’, and ‘in addition’, etc. It should be also stated that this part of the essay is the most important because it demonstrates your arguments and counterarguments to the fullest extent. Therefore, you have to apply some in-text citations, which should be properly cited according to the required style, to support your arguments. Apart from strong arguments, each paragraph of the main body should have a particular structure: topic sentence → evidence → concluding sentence. Furthermore, you may apply different types of digital charts, such as line chart, bar chart, pie chart, and flowchart, to support your arguments. With the help of digital charts, you will be able to demonstrate various kinds of information that includes figures. Therefore, the reader will be able to analyze the presented information on his or her own. This type of visuals is useful for comparative data about two countries, cities, or states. Furthermore, the charts can show the development of the selected country’s tourism sector. That is why one may claim that digital charts are quite effective while writing a tourism essay. 4. Conclusion The conclusion is the last part of the essay that summarizes all of the arguments mentioned in the main body paragraphs. Therefore, it can be considered as the last chance to convince the reader. What is more, you have to restate and support the thesis statement, but you are not allowed to paraphrase it merely. Despite the fact that this part of the essay should conclude the whole essay, it should be short. Furthermore, if it is allowed, you can write your personal opinion about the selected event or situation. The conclusion should not contain any new ideas. As a result, one may notice that the conclusion part should only sum up the points to support the thesis statement. How to Revise the Essay: 3 Effective Steps You shouldn’t neglect the revision of your essay to improve its quality. You can realize that something is missed. So during the revision, you can add some information to the parts. You may create some counter argument paragraphs to demonstrate both sides of the discussion to a reader. How to do the revision more effective? 1. Proofread the Essay Proofreading involves checking for grammar, word choice, syntax and punctuation. Firstly, you should check whether there is the personal pronoun â€Å"I† or not since academic essays should not contain it. You can utilize a gender-neutral pronoun, also known as an indefinite pronoun, â€Å"one† instead of personal ones to make your essay sound more formal. Furthermore, you should check whether the sequence of tenses is preserved, especially referring to the Past Tenses. The shortenings are not allowed in academic essay writing. Therefore, you cannot write â€Å"they’ve,† â€Å"don’t/doesn’t/didn’t,† â€Å"won’t,† and any other contractions. Besides, the word choice should also correspond to the academic style. You have to choose words that will be suitable for your academic level and discipline. Besides, you cannot use any phrasal verbs or colloquial words since they do not belong to the literary vocabulary. The la st but not least important point is punctuation. You should check whether you do not forget to put a comma before â€Å"and† when enumerating some points or objects. What is more, please check whether you put a comma after linking words, since it is a common mistake among students. There are plenty of rules that should be considered, and therefore, please write your essay beforehand to have enough time to proofread it. 2. Let Someone Experienced Proofread Your Essay You can give your essay to read to anyone with good writing and reading skills enough to check your essay for mistakes. What is more, you should ask a keen-eyed editor to correct your paper according to its requirements. Therefore, you will be able to improve your own writing skills aside from making it look better. This expert may tell you whether it is interesting or not, and, if it is not compelling enough. You can ask him or her to tell you the part of the essay that should be improved. Consequently, to receive as much information as possible, you can ask some questions: Is my essay interesting? Are there any confusing parts in my essay? Are there any grammar errors? Is my essay coherent? Does my essay expand the thesis statement? What parts of the essay can be improved? As far as you can see the proofreading process may help to understand whether the essay is coherent and cohesive aside from detecting some possible errors. 3. Use Online Checker Help You can simplify the proofreading process by copying the text of your essay and pasting to the online effective grammar checker. Keep in mind that this tool can be effective only for correcting your grammar, spelling or punctuation. No attention will be paid to formatting. In this case, your best bet is to apply to professional writing services to avoid any issue in the way of creating a great tourism essay that has all the chances to get a high mark.

Just War Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Just War Theory - Essay Example Orend observes that a state may also indulge in war for defending its territories to achieve internal and inter-boarder peace. Orend believes that for war to be justified, it must engage use of weapons and be well organized and arranged in advance before strike. Orend defines a just war as an intentional, actual organized and armed attack between aggressors. Just war theory is based on two points of view; classic and contemporary just wars. Schall reports that theorists like the Father Webster and Mr. Cole insist that for a war to qualify as just, it must base on classic concept and should not involve evil actions like fighting the perceived innocent and noncombatant individuals. Father Webster and Mr. Cole believe that a justified war should transpire through certain criteria. The contemporary concept of just war permits armed attack under the claims of self-defense by a country. The contemporary concept of just war recognizes permission granted for coercion to be based on the defen se of the individual state and the collective world. Contemporary concept of just war also proposes international support to the state subjected to attacks by the aggressor. The contemporary concept of just war argues that international community can merge to execute collective defense to a member state facing attack from internal militia who get support from foreign aggressor. The contemporary concept of just war advocates for use of military force in intervening cases that involve serious abuse of human rights (Johnson 33). This argument was passed to be a moral cause of just war waged against the former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. The contemporary concept of just war further argues that the just war should not be fought in a manner that exempts the attack and harm of the noncombatants. From this argument, the proponents of contemporary concept stood to rebuke the air bombing dropped during the war against Iraq, which harmed many noncombatants (Johnson 34). Contemporary concep t of just war allows the military troops to breach the laws of right conduct in war when overwhelmed by the opponent superior forces (Johnson 35). The Iraqi militia forces when resisting the new Iraqi government employed this principle of just war. The contemporary concept also justifies a war conducted against a state perceived to bear threats to the aggressor and the entire UN. This perception led to the collective synergy of the UN and Bush Administration in conducting disarmament attack against Saddam Hussein. The contemporary concept further argues that any killing conducted during war is wrong and can only be exceptional under sufficient justification. The classic concept argues that provoking just war is permissible to a political community that enjoys peace in its surroundings but faces danger of attack from the aggressors. A responsible political authority is permitted to use armed force as tool perceived to the only mean offering protection to citizens and ensuring peace i n a war threatened state. The classic concept of just war injustice and the threats linked to injustice are the basic moral problems that need to be addressed. The use of force in accomplishing just war is considered harmless under the classic point of view. The classic concept of just war argues that the measure of morality of force depends on the one using it and the reason behind the use of the force (Johnson 36). Classic concept justifies war when based on just cause and the right intention for provoking the war

Base Erosion and profit Shifting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Base Erosion and profit Shifting - Essay Example With the view of the OECD, the BEPS is not the main problem created by the companies in the respective countries instead, it is the rules in the taxation that is the problem. The OECD openly blames the countries for having the wrong rules for the business making the business to have difficulties. The OECD is majorly against the harmful taxation in the competition in the field of business. The BEPS has got a number of results in the business mostly in the combination of its strategies both at home and at the host countries hence this will make the domestic tax to be levied. This will also affect the domestic tax systems whereby the income will be taxed by more than one jurisdiction in the domestic level hence creating double taxation. As stated early, gaps will also be introduced by the BEPS making the income not to be taxed. In the process, there will be winners and losers whereby the developing countries will also face challenges in regard to the BEPS because of their poor national legal and business platforms concerning taxation. They will need supporting groups like the Global Fora on the treaties of tax to help them in developing the countries. With the BEPS action plan, there will be an improvement of the tax standards internationally in the principles of Coherence, Transparency, and Substance. We as citizens will benefit from the digital economy which will be improved by the BEPS. This will also lead to innovation in the developing countries making them to drastically improve with the help of the action plan.

Library and Its Uses Essay Example for Free

Library and Its Uses Essay The root-meaning of the word library is a room or building containing a collection of books for reading. But as there are now circulating or travelling libraries in many countries, the world has undergone a change in its meaning. By the word now indicated a collection of books for reading or reference; Different kinds of libraries: There are kinds of libraries personal, public and institutional. Personal library A personal library is one which belongs to a private person, generally of sufficient means. Such libraries grow out of such person’s taste for knowledge and, sometimes, for fashion. There are, of course, small scale private libraries owned by solvent lawyers, educationists and persons of literary taste. But such libraries contain books on some particular subject or subjects chosen according to the taste and interest of their owners. Public library A public library is one which is open to the public. In order to cater to the taste and interest of all classes of people, a public library has to contain books on different subjects and varieties. Such libraries may be seen in large numbers in every country. Most of these libraries are managed or subsidized by their states. The British Museum library of London and the Central library of Moscow are instances of public libraries. Again, many such libraries have been set up in England and America by philanthropic people like Mr. Carnegie, the American millionaire. Institutional library An institutional library is one which belongs to an institution such as a university, a college, a school, a chamber of commerce, a club or a governmental department. Such a library is open to the members of the institution concerned and, therefore, generally contains hooks which are needed by them most. Importance of library As acquisition of knowledge depends mostly on reading, man has to read as necessarily as he has to eat. It adds to what he has already learnt and makes him strong and fit for rude battle of life. But for financial difficulties most of the persons who are keen on reading cannot purchase the books they need to read. Hence arises the importance of libraries. Had there been no libraries, both public and institutional, such persons would have been deprived of their reading. The teachers and the students, in like manner, would be badly affected if their institutions had no libraries of their own. Conclusion Libraries attract people to read and thus create the habit of reading and- stimulate the thirst for more and more knowledge. But for the libraries, there would be no authors, no poets, and no thinkers. The libraries thus help in the advancement of learning and expansion of knowledge. The library has another very important use. No research work is possible without a well equipped library containing valuable books of all ages, rare manuscripts and old records. A library of this type is thus of incalculable help in throwing light on unearthed subjects. Time passes in an unbroken continuity as does the water of the river. The books of the libraries are a record of this continuity. They thus enable us to know how human society has developed in thought and action step by step.